Publications
Dumont Le Brazidec, J.; Vanderbecken, P.; Farchi, A.; Broquet, G.; Kuhlmann, G.; Bocquet, M. Deep learning applied to CO2 power plant emissions quantification using simulated satellite images. Geosci. Model Dev. 2024, 17 (5), 1995-2014. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1995-2024
Hakkarainen, J.; Kuhlmann, G.; Koene, E.; Santaren, D.; Meier, S.; Krol, M. C.; van Stratum, B. J. H.; Ialongo, I.; Chevallier, F.; Tamminen, J.; et al. Analyzing nitrogen dioxide to nitrogen oxide scaling factors for data-driven satellite-based emission estimation methods: A case study of Matimba/Medupi power stations in South Africa. Atmos. Poll. Res. 2024, 15 (7), 102171 (11 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apr.2024.102171
Koene, E. F. M.; Brunner, D.; Kuhlmann, G. On the theory of the divergence method for quantifying source emissions from satellite observations. J. Geophys. Res. D 2024, 129 (12), e2023JD039904 (26 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1029/2023JD039904
Kuhlmann, G.; Koene, E.; Meier, S.; Santaren, D.; Broquet, G.; Chevallier, F.; Hakkarainen, J.; Nurmela, J.; Amorós, L.; Tamminen, J.; et al. The ddeq Python library for point source quantification from remote sensing images (version 1.0). Geosci. Model Dev. 2024, 17 (12), 4773-4789. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-4773-2024
Brunner, D.; Kuhlmann, G.; Henne, S.; Koene, E.; Kern, B.; Wolff, S.; Voigt, C.; Jöckel, P.; Kiemle, C.; Roiger, A.; et al. Evaluation of simulated CO2 power plant plumes from six high-resolution atmospheric transport models. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2023, 23 (4), 2699-2728. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-2699-2023
Dumont Le Brazidec, J.; Vanderbecken, P.; Farchi, A.; Bocquet, M.; Lian, J.; Broquet, G.; Kuhlmann, G.; Danjou, A.; Lauvaux, T. Segmentation of XCO2 images with deep learning: application to synthetic plumes from cities and power plants. Geosci. Model Dev. 2023, 16 (13), 3997-4016. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-3997-2023
Hakkarainen, J.; Ialongo, I.; Koene, E.; Szeląg, M. E.; Tamminen, J.; Kuhlmann, G.; Brunner, D. Analyzing local carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from space using the divergence method: an application to the synthetic SMARTCARB dataset. Front. Remote Sens. 2022, 3, 878731 (13 pp.). https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.878731
Kaminski, T.; Scholze, M.; Rayner, P.; Houweling, S.; Voßbeck, M.; Silver, J.; Lama, S.; Buchwitz, M.; Reuter, M.; Knorr, W.; et al. Assessing the impact of atmospheric CO2 and NO2 measurements from space on estimating city-scale fossil fuel CO2 emissions in a data assimilation system. Front. Remote Sens. 2022, 3, 887456 (21 pp.). https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2022.887456
Kuhlmann, G.; Chan, K. L.; Donner, S.; Zhu, Y.; Schwaerzel, M.; Dörner, S.; Chen, J.; Hueni, A.; Nguyen, D. H.; Damm, A.; et al. Mapping the spatial distribution of NO2 with in situ and remote sensing instruments during the Munich NO2 imaging campaign. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2022, 15 (6), 1609-1629. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-1609-2022
Kim, M.; Brunner, D.; Kuhlmann, G. Importance of satellite observations for high-resolution mapping of near-surface NO2 by machine learning. Remote Sens. Environ. 2021, 264, 112573 (13 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2021.112573
Kuhlmann, G.; Henne, S.; Meijer, Y.; Brunner, D. Quantifying CO2 emissions of power plants with CO2 and NO2 imaging satellites. Front. Remote Sens. 2021, 2, 689838 (18 pp.). https://doi.org/10.3389/frsen.2021.689838
Kuhlmann, G.; Henne, S.; Brunner, D.; Löscher, A.; Meijer, Y. SMARTCARB 2. Use of satellite measurements of auxiliary reactive trace gases for fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission estimation (phase 2); Empa: Dübendorf, 2021; 78 p. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4674167
Schwaerzel, M.; Brunner, D.; Jakub, F.; Emde, C.; Buchmann, B.; Berne, A.; Kuhlmann, G. Impact of 3D radiative transfer on airborne NO2 imaging remote sensing over cities with buildings. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2021, 14 (10), 6469-6482. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-6469-2021
Jähn, M.; Kuhlmann, G.; Mu, Q.; Haussaire, J. M.; Ochsner, D.; Osterried, K.; Clément, V.; Brunner, D. An online emission module for atmospheric chemistry transport models: implementation in COSMO-GHG v5.6a and COSMO-ART v5.1-3.1. Geosci. Model Dev. 2020, 13 (5), 2379-2392. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-2379-2020
Klausner, T.; Mertens, M.; Huntrieser, H.; Galkowski, M.; Kuhlmann, G.; Baumann, R.; Fiehn, A.; Jöckel, P.; Pühl, M.; Roiger, A. Urban greenhouse gas emissions from the Berlin area: a case study using airborne CO2 and CH4 in situ observations in summer 2018. Elem. Sci. Anthr. 2020, 8, 15 (24 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.411
Kuhlmann, G.; Brunner, D.; Broquet, G.; Meijer, Y. Quantifying CO2 emissions of a city with the copernicus anthropogenic CO2 monitoring satellite mission. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2020, 13 (12), 6733-6754. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-6733-2020
Schwaerzel, M.; Emde, C.; Brunner, D.; Morales, R.; Wagner, T.; Berne, A.; Buchmann, B.; Kuhlmann, G. Three-dimensional radiative transfer effects on airborne and ground-based trace gas remote sensing. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2020, 13 (8), 4277-4293. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-4277-2020
Zhu, Y.; Chen, J.; Bi, X.; Kuhlmann, G.; Chan, K. L.; Dietrich, F.; Brunner, D.; Ye, S.; Wenig, M. Spatial and temporal representativeness of point measurements for nitrogen dioxide pollution levels in cities. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2020, 20 (21), 13241-13251. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13241-2020
Brunner, D.; Kuhlmann, G.; Marshall, J.; Clément, V.; Fuhrer, O.; Broquet, G.; Löscher, A.; Meijer, Y. Accounting for the vertical distribution of emissions in atmospheric CO2 simulations. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2019, 19 (7), 4541-4559. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4541-2019
Kuhlmann, G.; Broquet, G.; Marshall, J.; Clément, V.; Löscher, A.; Meijer, Y.; Brunner, D. Detectability of CO2 emission plumes of cities and power plants with the Copernicus Anthropogenic CO2 monitoring (CO2M) mission. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2019, 12 (12), 6695-6719. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-6695-2019
Kuhlmann, G.; Clément, V.; Marshall, J.; Fuhrer, O.; Broquet, G.; Schnadt-Poberaj, C.; Brunner, D. SMARTCARB - use of satellite measurements of auxiliary reactive trace gases for fossil fuel carbon dioxide emission estimation; Empa: Dübendorf, 2019; 107 p. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4034265
Kuhlmann, G.; Clément, V.; Fuhrer, O.; Marshal, J.; Broquet, G.; Meijer, Y.; Löscher, A.; Brunner, D. Using NO2 satellite observations to support satellite-based CO2 emission estimates of cities and power plants. In Optics and photonics for energy and the environment, presented at the Light, energy and the environment congress 2018, Singapore, Singapore, November 5-8, 2018; OSA, 2018; Vol. F120, p (2 pp.). https://doi.org/10.1364/HISE.2018.HW3C.3
Kuhlmann, G.; Hueni, A.; Damm, A.; Brunner, D. An algorithm for in-flight spectral calibration of imaging spectrometers. Remote Sens. 2016, 8 (12), 1017 (24 pp.). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8121017
Buchwitz, M.; Reuter, M.; Schneising, O.; Boesch, H.; Aben, I.; Alexe, M.; Armante, R.; Bergamaschi, P.; Bovensmann, H.; Brunner, D.; et al. The greenhouse gas project of ESA's climate change initiative (GHG-CCI): overview, achievements and future plans. In International symposium on remote sensing of environment, presented at the 36th international symposium on remote sensing of environment (ISRSE 2015), Berlin, Germany, May 11–15, 2015; Schreier, G., Skrovseth, P. E., Staudenrausch, H., Eds.; The international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences; Curran: Red Hook, NY, 2015; Vol. XL-7/W3, pp 165-172. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-7-W3-165-2015
Kuhlmann, G.; Lam, Y. F.; Cheung, H. M.; Hartl, A.; Fung, J. C. H.; Chan, P. W.; Wenig, M. O. Development of a custom OMI NO2 data product for evaluating biases in a regional chemistry transport model. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2015, 15 (10), 5627-5644. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5627-2015
Zhu, Y.; Kuhlmann, G.; Chan, K. L.; Donner, S.; Schütt, A.; Wagner, T.; Wenig, M. Citywide measurements of NO2 concentrations in Munich using a combination of mobile and stationary spectroscopic measurement techniques. In Proceedings Light, Energy and the Environment, presented at the Hyperspectral imaging and sounding of the environment, HISE 2016, Leipzig, Germany, November 14-17, 2016; OSA: Washington, DC, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1364/HISE.2016.HM4E.4